फिल्मों में संगीत का पदार्पण

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Hkkjrh; fQYeksa esa 1932 ls laxhr dk izkjEHk gqvk rFkk rc ls ysdj vkt rd bldk fujUrj izpkj rFkk izlkj gksrk pyk vk jgk gSA geus vius bl ys[k esa 1931 ls ysdj 1950 rd dh fQYeksa esa laxhr dk o.kZu fd;k gSA

xhr laxhr dk Hkkjrh; thou esa vfHkUu LFkku jgk gS blfy, lokd~ fQYeksa esa Hkh izkjEHk ls gh xhr&laxhr dh iz/kkurk jgh gS fcuk xhr&laxhr ds fQYe dh lQyrk dh dYiuk ugh dh tk ldrh gS Hkkjrh; laxhr esa fQYeksa dk egRo ml le; ls gS tc ewd ¼lkbysaV½ fQYesa cu jgh FkhA bu ewd fQYeksa gsrq insZa ds lkeus ,d fiV esa lkftUns cSBk fn;s tkrs Fks vkSj os n`'; ds vuqdwy /kqusa ctkrs jgrs Fks cksyrh gqbZ fQYekas dk fueZk.k 'kq: gksuss ij laoknksa ds lkFk xhr Hkh tqM++ x;sA

14 ekpZ 1931 dks igyh cksyrh fQYe ^vkyevkjk* ls gh fQYeksa esa laxhr izos'k dj x;kA bl fQYe esa ^fQjkst'kkg ,e feL=h* ,oa ^oh0 bjkuh* us laxhr fn;k FkkA blesa igyk xkuk ^nsnss [kqnk ds uke is* ^MCY;ww0,e0[kku0* us xk;k FkkA fQYeksa esa jkxc) laxhr dk iz;ksx budh eq[; fo'ks"krk FkhA bl fQYe esa gkjeksfu;e] rcyk o lkjaxh dk gh iz;ksx fd;k x;k FkkA blesa lkr xkus FksA tSls&tSls fQYe rduhfd dk fodkl gqvk vkSj fQYe dyk dh lHakkouk;sa c<h+] oSls&oSls bl dyk esa futhiu vkus yxk vkSj tYnh gh ikjlh jax eap ds xhr laxhr dh 'kSyh fQYe laxhr us R;kx nh] mlus viuh ubZ 'kSyh fodflr dj yhA mu fnuksa ik'oZ laxhr dh rdfudh dk vkt tSlk izpkj ugh Fkk vkSj lqfo/kk,¡ Hkh miyC/k ugh FkhA brus lkjs ok| ;a=aksa dk iz;ksx Hkh ugh gqvk djrk FkkA fQYe esa dke djus okys dykdkjksa dks gh ekbd ds lkeus [kMs+ gksdj xkuk gksrk FkkA ftls ik'oZxk;u dh rjg izR;{k xk;u ekuuk mfpr gksxkA

vkyevkjk ds ckn ,d fQYe vkbZ ^'khjh Qjgkn* ^enu fFk;sVlZZ* dh bl fQYe esa 17 xkus Fks ;g laxhr iz/kku fQYe FkhA blds xhrksa dks vkjk dTtu rFkk ekLVj fulkj us vfHku; ds lkFk xk;kA enu fFk;sVlZ okyksa us laxhr iz/kku fQYesa cukus dh ijEijk 'kq: dj nh FkhA ;gh og fQYe Fkh ftlus vkxkeh izR;sd fQYe ds fy, laxhr dks vfuok;Z dj fn;k FkkA blds okn enu fFk;VslZ dh nks laxhr iz/kku fQYesa vkSj vk;hA buesa ^ySyk eatuw* esa 22 vkSj ^'kdqUryk* esa 41 xhr FksA

fdlh Hkh ubZ pht+ ds izkjEHk esa cMk+ izpkj gksrk gaS ;gh dkj.k gS fd xhrksa dk iz;ksx 'kq: gksrs gh fuekZrk&funsZ'kdksa us ,d fQYe esa pkj&N% xhrksa ls ysdj pkyhl&iSrkyhl xhr rd Mkyus 'kq: dj fn;sA fdlh&fdlh fQYe esa rks lÙkj&ipgÙkj rd xhrksa dh la[;k ikbZ x;hA 1932 esa izHkkr dEiuh us ^jktk gfj'pUnz* uke ls tks fQYe is'k dh og csgrjhu laxhr o vfHku; ds dkj.k cgqr lQy jghA xksfoUn jko VsEcs us blesa izeq[k Hkwfedk dh Fkh] vkSj laxhr Hkh fn;k Fkk rFkk Lo;a xkus Hkh xk, FksA

lokd fQYeksa ds vkxeu ds lkFk gh fQYeksa esa xhrksa dk izpyu 'kq: gqvkA mu fnuksa ds0,y0 lgxy] jkekuan iafaMr] xkSgj ckbZ] tn~nu ckbZ] jktdqekjh vkfn ,sls dykdkj Fks] tks vfHku; ds lkFk&lkFk xkuk Hkh xkrs FksA ijUrq dHkh&dHkh ,slk Hkh gks tkrk Fkk fd fdlh vkd"kZd O;fDrRo vkSj vfHku; esa dq'ky ik= dks xkus dh tkudkjh uk gksuss ds dkj.k fQYeksa esa izos'k ugh fey ikrk FkkA bu dfBukbZ;ksa us ik'oZxk;u dks tUe fn;kA 1933 dh mYys[kuh; fQYe ^nssodh ckssl* dh ^iwju Hkxr* FkhA izfrHkk'kkyh laxhrdkj vkj0lh0cksjky us blesa igyh ckj ^vkdsZLVªk* dk mi;ksx fd;k vkSj fQYe laxhr dh fof/kor lafagrk dk;e dhA us=ghu xk;d o vfHkusrk ds0lh0 Ms0 dk xhr ^tkvks tkvks ,s esjs lk/kq* cMk+ gh yksdfiz; jgkA nsodh cksl us gh ^;gwnh dh yM+dh* fQYe cukbZ fel rkjkckbZ ds lqjhys Loj bl fQYe dh tku FksA jru ckbZ dk xk;k xhr ^vius ekSyk dh eaSaS tksxu cuq¡q¡xh* o"kksZa rd x¡wtrk jgkA

1934 esa funsZ'kd fufru cksl ds funsZ'ku esa ,d fQYe cu jgh Fkh] ^HkkX; pØ*] bl fQYe ds dykdkj Fks izse vnhc vkSj csxe ikjk fQYe dh dgkuh ds vuqlkj fgjksbu dks ,d 'kkL=h; xhr xkuk Fkk] csxe ikjk 'kkL=h; xk;u ugh tkurh FkhA fufru cksl ds dkQh iz;klksa ds ckn Hkh og xhr ugh xk ik jgh FkhA ,d fnu fufru cksl 'kkL=h; xkf;dk ih0 ghjk y{eh dk xk;u lqu jgs Fks] mlh le; muds fnekx esa ik'oZ xk;u djkus dh ckr vkbZ vc 'kfwVax esa dSejs ds lkeus csxe ikjk eq¡g fgyk jgh Fkh] vkSj ijns ds fins ih0 ghjk y{eh xk jgh FkhA izR;{k xk;u ls ik'oZ xk;u dh izFkk Hkh /khjs&/khjs yksdfi;z gksrh pyh xbZ vkSj fQYe {ks= esa blus Lora= dyk ds :i esa viuk

LFkku cuk fy;kA

csgrjhu xhr laxhr ls Hkjijw 1934 dh mYys[kuh; fQYe ^U;w fFk;sVlZ* dh ^p.Mh nkl* FkhA blesa mek 'k'kh rFkk lgxy us xhr xk;s o izeq[k Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA blds xkus ^izszse uxj eSa cukÅ¡xh ?kj eaS rtds lc lalkj* rFkk ^rMir chrs fnu jSSu* cgqr gh yksdfi;z gq,A blds laxhrdkj jkepUnz cksjky FksA 1935 esa U;w fFk;sVlZ dh ,sfrgkfld fQYe ^nsonkl* vkbZ ftlus dbZ dkj.kksa ls vuds fQYeksa dks fiNs NksM fn;kA lgxy ds xk;u rFkk vfHku; ds dkj.k ;g ,d vfoLejf.k; fQYe gSA ^ckye vk;s clks esjss eu esa*] ^nq%[k ds fnu vc chrr ukgh*] rFkk ^^fi;k fcu ugh vkor pSu** tSls xkuksa dks dkSu Hkwy ldrk gSA izfl) miU;kldkj 'kjrpUnz ds miU;kl ij vk/kkfjr bl fQYe ds funsZ'kd Jh ^izeFks'k pUnz o:vk* FksA xhr laokn Jh dsnkj 'kekZ us fy[ks blds laxhr fun'sZkd frfej oju~ FksA blh le; laxhr iz/kku fQYe ^/kwi Nk¡o* cuhA blesa ds0lh0Mh0 dk xk;u vkSj vfHku; csgrjhu FkkA bldk xhr ^eudh vk¡[ksa [kkssy ckck* vkt Hkh yksx ;kn djrs gSaA

1936 esa fujatu iky dh fy[kh dgkuh ij vk/kkfjr ^vNwr dU;k* uke dh fQYe cuh] blesa xk¡o ds okrkoj.k dk ^eaS ou dh fpfM+;k cu ou&ou Mksyw js* tSls yksdfiz; xhr vkSj lkQ&lqFkjk] vfHku; ds eq[; vkd"kZ.k FksA

1936 esa ^lksgjkc eksnh* us ^iqdkj* cukbZ bl fQYe dh xty] ^ftanxh dk lkt Hkh D;k lkt gS* rFkk ^rqe fcu gejh dkSu [kcj ys xkscj/ku fxj/kkjh* cgqr yksdfiz; gq,A J`xkaj jl ds lqfo[;kr dfo fo|kifr dh thou dFkk ij ^nsodh ckssl* dh fQYe ^fo|kifr* 1937 esa cuhA blesa igkMh+ lkU;ky vkSSj dkuu nsoh dk vfHk;u o xk;u FkkA ^U;w fFk;sVlZ dh izfl) fQYe ^izslhMsUV* Hkh blh le; esa cuhA blesa lgxy dk xk;k xhr ^bd caxyk cus I;kjk* lHkh dks cgqr ilUn vk;kA

1938 esa U;w fFk;VslZ esa Q.kh eteqnkj ds funsZ'ku esa ,d laxhre; fQYe ^LVªhV&flaxj* cuhA vkj0lh0oksjky rFkk lgxy vkSj dkuu nsoh dh eq[; Hkwfedkvksa us bl fQYe dks ,d ;knxkj fQYe cuk fn;kA blesa lgxy dk xk;k gqvk xhr ^ckcqy ekssjk uSgj NwVks gh tk,* vkt Hkh lgxy dh ;kn fnykrh gSA

izHkkr daiuh ds cSuj rys 1939 esa ^vkneh* fQYe is'k gqbZ] ftlesa oh 'kkarkjke us dbZ rduhfd ckrksa ls ,d u;k vkd"kZ.k mitkus dk iz;kl fd;k Fkk] tSls Hkkjr dh N% Hkk"kkvksa okyk xhrA blh o"kZ ,d csgrjhu is'kd'k Qf.k etqenkj dh ^diky dq.Myk* FkhA bldk xhr ^fi;k feyu dks tkuk* vkt Hkh ;kn gSA

1940 esa cacbZ Vkdht dh nks fQYesa ^daaxu* vkSj ^ca/ku* cgqr gh lQy gqbZ] ^puk tksj xje ckcq* vkSj ^py py js ukStoku* rks xyh&xyh esa x¡wtus yxs FksA fQYe ca/ku ,d lkekftd fQYe FkhA laxhr dh n`f"V ls ;g fQYe dkQh yksdfiz; gqbZA blesa laxhr ljLorh dk FkkA blh o"kZ nsodh cksl ds funsZ'ku esa fQYe ^urZdh* dkQh pfpZr jghA iadt efyd blds vfHkusrk xk;d rFkk laxhr funsZ'kd FkAs blh o"kZ fQYe ^ftnaxh* ftldk funsZ'ku ih0lh0 c:vk us fd;k cgqr gh pfpZr gqvkA bldk laxhr funsZ'ku Hkh iadt efyd us fd;k gSA xk;d lgxy dk xk;k gqvkA ^lkstk jktdqekjh* rFkk ^eaSaS D;k tkuw D;k tknw gaSaS* xhr vkt Hkh lqukbZ iMrs gaSA

1935 ls 1940 dk le; ,slk Fkk fd mu fnuksa dksbZ Hkh fjdkfMZax fFk;sVj ;k LVwfM;ksa esa ugha gqvk djrh FkhA xkus ikdZ esa fjdkMZ fd, tkrs FksA 'kke ds lkr cts tc v¡/ksjk gksus yxrk vkSj 'kksjxqy de gks tkrk rc lkjs lktks lkeku dks ys tkdj jkrHkj fjdkfMZax gksrh FkhA ftu ikdksZa esa vf/kdrj fjdkfMZax gqvk djrh FkhA muesa eqEcbZ ds xksjs xk¡o dk ocZ ikdZ Fkk] bl rjg dh fjdkfMZax dks izpfyr djus dk Js; mu fnuksa [ksepUnz izdk'k dks tkrk gSA fQYe laxhr ds bfrgkl esa 1945 esa fQYe ^>wyk* vkbZ blds xhrksa us yksxksa dks jl foHkksj dj fn;kA vkt Hkh ^eaSaS rks fnYyh ls nqYgu yk;k js* cgqr ;kn vkrk gSA [oktk vgen vCckl dh fQYe ^u;k lalkj* ;|fi ,d xaHkhj fo"k; ij FkhA fdUrq u`R; o xhrksa ds dkj.k yksdfiz; jghA

ny lq[k iapksyh dh fQYe ^[ktkaph* cyh lkgc ds xhrksa vkSj xqyke gSnj ds laxhr funsZa'ku ls ltdj vkbZ FkhA bl fQYe esa laxhr funsZa'kd Jh xqyke gSnj us iatkc dh yksd /kquksa rFkk if'pe ds tkWt laxhr dh /kquksa dks feykdj u;k iz;ksx fd;k] blls fQYe laxhr esa ,d u;kiu vk;k] tks vkxs dh fQYeksa esa cjdjkj jgkA

fp=ys[kk fQYe Hkh bUgh fnuksa iznf'kZr gqbZ] bldk xhr ^tkvks tkvks cMs+ Hkxoku cus balku cuks rks tkus* cMk+ pfpZr gqvkA blds laxhr funsZa'kd MkW0 >.Ms [kku vkSj Jh ,0,l0 Kkuh FksA bl fQYe ds xhr jkx HkSjoh ij vk/kkfjr FksA 1942 dh ,d fQYe ^LVs'ku ekLVj* esa Hkh ukS'kkn vyh us laxhr fn;k FkkA 1941 esa ,d lkekftd fQYe ^[kkunku* vkbZ] xqyke gSnj ds laxhr funsZa'ku esa vfHkus=h xkf;dk uqjtgk¡ us blesa u Hkwyus okys xhr xk;sA blh rjg ls 1944 esa fQYe ^esjh cgu* rFkk blh o"kZ dh lcls dke;kc fQYe Fkh ^jru* vkbZ] blesa tksgjkckbZ vEckyk okyh dk xk;k xhr ^vf[k;k¡ feyk ds ft;k Hkjek ds pys ugh tkuk* o vehjkckbZ dk xk;k xhr ^vks tkus okys ckyeok* lHkh ;kn djrs gaSA 1946 esa fQYe ^vueksy ?kMh+* rFkk 1947 esa flnaqj] lktu vkSj 'kgukbZ] izeq[k fQYesa jghA blds ckn fQYe ^tqxqu*w esa uwj tgk¡ dh xkf;dh yksxksa ds fny esa cl xbZA 1948 esa ^'kghn* fQYe dk xkuk ^oru dh jkg esasa oru ds ukStoka 'kghn gkas* vc Hkh fnyksa esa tks'k Hkj nsrk gSA 1949 esa jkepUnz ds laxhr ls lth fQYe ^iraxk* Hkh blh lu~ esa vkbZA bldk xhr ^esjs fi;k x;s jaxwu fd;k gS ogk¡ ls VsyhQwu* xhr jk¡d ,u jksy izdkj dk FkkA

blds i'pkr~ 1949 esa fQYe ^egy* cuh] blesa yrk th us viuk igyk xhr ^vk,xk vkus okyk* xk;kA 1950 esa jkt diwj dh ^cjlkr* fQYe vkbZA ftlesa igyh ckj laxhr funsZa'kd 'kadj&t;fd'ku dh tksMh+ lkeus vkbZA bl fQYe dk xhr ^ft;k csdjkj gSA*] ^gok esasa mM+rk tk;s essjk yky nqiV~Vk eyey dk*] ^cjlkr esasa gels feys rqe] NksMs x, ckye* vkfn xhr csgn yksdfiz; gq,A

lUnHkZ xzUFk lwph

1 clUr&laxhr fo'kkjn] laxhr dk;kZy; gkFkjl] m0iz0A

2 jk; fgeka'kq] fQYe laxhrA

3 y{eh ukjk;.k xxZ] fucU/k laxhr] laxhr dk;kZy; gkFkjl] m0iz0A

4 lkSjHk MkW bUnq 'kekZ] Hkkjrh; fQYe&laxhr esa rky&leUo;] dfu"d ifCy'klZ] ubZ fnYyh

nhi flag

'kks/k Nk= ¼ts0vkj0,Q0½]

laxhr ,oa izn'kZu dyk foHkkx]

bykgkckn fo'ofo|ky;] bykgkcknA