lq/kka'kq dqekj
Hkkjr ds jk"Vªfirk egkRek xka/kh vk/kqfud
Hkkjr ds egku tuuk;d] lektlq/kkjd vkSj uSfrd nk'kZfud FksA xqtjkr ds iksjcUnj
esa tUesa xka/kh th dk uke vkt Hkh bl nqfu;k ds lcls fo'oluh; ukeksa esa ls ,d
gSA xka/khth us vafglk dk ewy ea= nsdj turk dks fglkRed gksus ls cpk;kA1
xka/kh th dks NwvkNwr uked cqjkbZ us
>d>ksj dj j[k fn;kA xka/khth us eaFku djuk 'kq: fd;k fd vkf[kj bl cqjkbZ
dh tM+s dgk gSA mUgksaus ik;k fd ^^vLi`';rk euq"; ds feF;k vgadkj dh
uktk;t vkSykn gS** xka/khth ;g rks ekurs Fks fd fgUnw /keZ esa fn[kkbZ iM+us
okyk vLi`';rk dh orZeku Lo:i bZ'oj vkSj euq"; ds f[kykQ fd;k x;k Hk;adj
vijk/k gS og ,d ,slk fo"k; gS tks /khjs&/khjs fgUnw /keZ ds izk.k dks
fu%'ks"k fd;s tk jgk gSA xka/kh th dk er Fkk fd 'kkL=ksa esa vLi`';rk dks
fdlh izdkj ls leFkZu ugh feyrk gSA gk¡ 'kkL=ksa esa fgrdkjh vLi`';rk dk fo/kku
t:j crk;k x;k gS ysfdu ml rjg dh vLi`';rk gj /keZ esa ik;h tkrh gSA og vLi`';rk rks LoPNrk ds
fu;e dk gh ,d vax gSA2 xka/khth iwjs thou lekt dh bl lcls ?kkrd
cqjkbZ ds f[kykQ yM+rs jgs ysfdu fdlh dks bl vkanksyu esa jktuhfr dh cw vkbZ
rks fdlh us le>k fd ;g vkanksyu fgUnw laxBu dk gh ,d :i gSA ysfdu ,e0 th0 jkukMs ds 'kCnksa esa] bl iz'u
dk mRrj fey tkrk gS ftlesa xka/khth us 12o"kZ dh voLFkk esa viuh ek¡ ls
dgk Fkk fd fdlh dks vLi`'; le>uk iki gS vkSj vU;k; HkhA Hkyk ogkW muds vUnj
dkSu lh jktuhfrd Hkkouk FkhA**3
orZeku esa laosnu jfgr gks pqds le; vkSj
lekt esa yksx ,d ,slh 'kf[l;r dh vkl dj jgs gS tks mUgsa bl =klnh ls eqfDr fnyk
ldsA ,sls esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd 63 lky ckn vHkh Hkh xka/kh gh ,d ek= fodYi gSA nykbZykek
us mDr fo'otuhu =klnh ls mcjus ds fy, xka/kh dks ;kn djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd]
^^ekStwnk nkSj dh fnDdrs ekuoh; Hkkoukvksa ds mcky ls iSnk gqbZ gSA gj rjQ tSlh
Hkkouk,a mQu jgh gS mUgsa 'kkUr vkSj lqO;ofLFkr djus ds fy, xka/kh tSls O;fDrRo
dh t:jr eglwl gks jgh gSA nf{k.k vÝhdk esa uLyHksn ds f[kykQ ftl tax dks usYlu
eaMsyk us thrk mldk rjhdk xka/kh dk crk;k gqvk FkkA xka/kh
dh n'kdks igys dh izklafxdrk dks ;kn ugha Hkh djuk pkgs rks rktk mnkgj.k
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ ns'k esa py jgh vUuk gtkjs dh yM+kbZ
dks fn;k tk ldrk gSA tu yksdiky dks ysdj vUuk ckiw dh lekf/k ij D;k cSBs]
dk'ehj ls dU;kdqekjh rd Hkkjr esa lUukVk Nk x;k] tSls iwjk ns'k vu'ku ij cSB
x;k gSA iwjs ns'k esa dgh Hkh fgalk ugha gqbZA ;dhuu ;gk¡ vUuk gtkjs ls T;knk
xka/kh dk og QkewZyk dke dj jgk Fkk ftldk iz;ksx mUgksaus lkmFk vÝhdk esa 'kq:
fd;k FkkA4
xka/khth us lR; ¼Truth½
vkSj vfgalk ¼Non Violence½
ds fl)karksa ds vk/kkj ij ekuork dks lekt ds uo fuekZ.k dh ubZ jkg fn[kkbZA
izfl) brkyoh fopkjd fudksyks esfd;kosyh
ds foijhr xka/khth us jktuhfr vkSj uSfrdrk ds chp iqy dk fuekZ.k djrs gq, ;g
rdZ fn;k fd jktuhfr ds {ks= esa lk/ku vkSj lk/; nksuks aleku :i ls ifo= gksus
pkfg,A ekDlZ ds HkkSfrdoknh n'kZu ds
foijhr egkRek xka/kh vk/;kRerRo dh iz/kkurk esa fo'okl j[krs FksA xka/khth ds
vuqlkj ;g HkkSfrd lalkj u'oj gS( vr% lkalkfjd thou dh mUufr ds fy, vk/;kfRed
thou dk frjLdkj djuk cqf)erk ugh gSA5 ^^tks jktuhfr /keZ ls foghu
gS] og vkRek dks iru ds xrZ esa /kdsyrh gSA**
oLrqr% xka/khth us lkekftd] jktuhfrd]
vkfFkZd] vkSj /kkfeZd thou dks i`Fkd&i`Fkd Hkkxksa esa dHkh ugha ns[kk cfYd
lEiw.kZ thou dks v[k.M ekudj /keZ dks mldk lkjrRo le>kA xka/khth us leLr
HkkSfrd vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds LFkku ij vko';drkvksa dks la;r
djus ij cy fn;k mudk fopkj Fkk fd izR;sd l{ke O;fDr dks viuh
HkkSfrd vko';drkvksa ds vuq:i mRiknu esa ;ksx nsus ds fy, Lo;a 'kjhj
Je ¼Bread Labour½ djuk
pkfg,A blls lcdh Hkkstu] oL=] vkSj edku dh U;wure vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ rks
gksxh gh lkFk gh Je dh izfr"Bk Hkh c<+sxhA tc lHkh Je'khy gksxs rks
lkekftd fo"kerk lekIr gks tk,xh vkSj oxZghu lekt ¼Classless Society½
dh LFkkiuk laHko gks ldsxhA6 vO;oLFkk vkSj O;oLFkk
dk vR;kpkj vkSj lnkpkj dh yM+kbZ dk flyflyk ges'kk pyrk jgrk gS ftlesa thr lqO;oLFkk
vkSj lnkpkj dh gksrh gS vkSj dguk u gksxk fd bl thr esa ftl gfFk;kj dk bLrseky
gksrk gS mls egkRek xka/khth us gh fn;k FkkA
lanHkZ lwph
1- d`ikykuh] ts0oh0] egkRek
xka/kh % thou ,oa fpUru] izdk'ku foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj] 1978
2- ;kstuk & vDVwcj 2004
3- fgUnqLrku v[kckj] 10
vDVwcj 2011
4- oekZ] oh0ih0] &
^^vk/kqfud jktuhfrd fopkjd**
5- xkok] vkse izdk'k
^^jktuhfr fpUru dh :ijs[kk**
6- KkusUnz jkor & ^^vkSjr
&,d lekt'kkL=h; v/;;u] fo'oHkkjrh ifCyds'kUl] 2006
7- izHkk vkIVs &
^^Hkkjrh; lekt es aukjh] Dykfld ifCyf'kax gkml t;iqj] 1996
lq/kka'kq
dqekj
'kks/k Nk= ts0vkj0,Q0] jktuhfr foKku foHkkx
dk'kh fgUnw fo'ofo|ky; okjk.klh